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doi:10.3850/978-981-08-7615-9_TE02
In Vitro Experiments on Rapid Prototyping Laser Sintered Porous PCL Scaffolds with Polymer Hydrogel
Ming-Yih Lee1, Si-Wen Liu1, Jyh-Ping Chen2, Han-Tsung Liao3, Wen-Wei Tsai1, Hsiu-Chen Wang4 and Hung-Ming Lin5
1Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
2Department of Chemical and Medical Engineer, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
3Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
4Graduate Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
5Graduate Institute of Medical Physics and Imaging Science, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, R.O.C.
ABSTRACT
Bone defects caused by tumors, diseased infection, trauma or abnormal
bone development create a lot of serious health problems. Tissue engineering
aims to fabricate tissues or organs using the cells of patients for
repairing the damaged tissues or organs in clinic. The aim of this study
was to design and fabricate polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds using the
inhouse-built selective laser sintering (SLS) rapid prototyping (RP)
machine and combine with polymer hydrogel for in vitro study for bone
repair. In this study, three configurations of scaffolds structure
(0/45/0/45°, 0/90/0/90°, and 0/45/90/135° patterns) were designed
and produced. The compressive modulus, porosity and pore size of
porous scaffolds were first determined. In addition, polymer hydrogel
was combined with PCL scaffolds with three loading methods (i.e.
immersion method, injection method and titration method) to enhance
scaffolds surface hydrophilicity for cell proliferation. Mesenchymal stem
cells from New Zealand White rabbits were loaded to PCL scaffolds and
induced to osteoblasts in vitro. Bone formation was determined by MTS
assays, von Kossa stains and ALP activities. The experimental results
showed the compressive moduli of scaffolds with 0/45/0/45°, 0/90/0/90°, and 0/45/90/135° patterns were 2 MPa, 3.4 MPa, and 3.75
MPa, respectively. The porosity of scaffolds was 72%, 76%, and 83%,
respectively. The ranges of pore size of scaffolds were 350–400 μm,
400–500 μm, and 350–400 μm, respectively. By comparing three kinds of
polymer hydrogel loading methods, titration method had the best result.
The in vitro experimental results revealed that OD values of MTS tests
and ALP activities increased from day 7 to day 21 and von Kossa stain
revealed dark brown mineralized tissue, indicating cells could proliferate
and differentiate in polymer hydrogel and scaffolds.
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