Community-Based Polar Bear Risk Perception and Preparedness in Spitsbergen

Warming of the Arctic transforms land and icescapes and alters their corresponding biome. Polar bear distributions shift landwards while concurrently human activity intensifies as the Arctic becomes more accessible. These changes heighten the likelihood of human-bear interactions, which may result in negative or fatal consequences for either.
Effective polar bear safety management requires a holistic approach that integrates biophysical and social dimensions. While some biological knowledge on polar bear behavior and habitat use is available, there is a significant lack of community-based research assessing the effectiveness of existing safety regulations and practices. This study explores community perspectives on polar bear safety practices in Longyearbyen and Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen, adopting a community-based approach to examine how demographics and experiences influence practices and attitudes towards management. The findings reveal varying levels of preparedness, with key factors including discrepancies in firearm proficiency, outdoor activity patterns, experience with safety protocols, and levels of fear. Enhanced communication and collaboration among individuals and institutions, alongside standardized minimum training, are identified as critical measures to improve safety, preparedness, and community cohesion regarding polar bear practices and conservation. The study underscores the importance of proactive community engagement to foster resilience and effective management in Arctic environments.

Keywords: Human-bear interactions, Polar bear management, Risk assessment, Community-based research, Arctic safety, Decision making under stress, Training efficiency.