Developing Resilience-Oriented Indicators for Integrated Process Safety and Process Security Risk Management

This study develops resilience-oriented performance indicators (PIs) that integrate process safety and process security risk management in the chemical process industry. Drawing on the resilience engineering principle, we propose a unified framework addressing both safety and security concerns through four system capabilities contributing to its resilience: Anticipation, Absorption, Adaptation, and Ascension. These capabilities provide a systematic structure for categorizing the PIs, which are further classified into Management, Process, and Result indicators. Insights from nine expert interviews spanning academia, consultancy, government, and industry helped refine the indicators and assess their practical relevance. The experts discussed eight hypothetical disruption scenarios, ranging from technical failures to supply chain disruptions and terrorism, offering valuable perspectives on implementation challenges and opportunities. The findings emphasize the importance of aligning safety and security measures while tackling systemic barriers such as resource constraints and procedural resistance. This research contributes a novel framework for integrated risk management, supported by actionable PIs that bridge theoretical resilience concepts with practical application. It also lays the groundwork for further validation in real-world settings and broader adoption across diverse industrial contexts.

Keywords: Process safety, Process security, Resilience, Risk management, Performance indicators, Chemical process industry.