Every year, many fatal and non-fatal residential fires pose a real threat in many countries such as U.S., Norway, Denmark, and Sweden. These fires cause a large number of fatalities, injuries and a huge property damage depending on the fire detection time, designed building, response time by the occupants and etc. Thus, risk assessment of residential fires is of great importance toward elevation of home fire safety towards an acceptable level for everyone. The statistical analysis of the data regarding Norwegian residential fires were mostly related to 1990 to 2014, while there has not been much research on the last five years. This paper analyses the real data of fires in dwellings in Norway from 2015 to 2020 in order to develop a fire risk assessment. For this purpose, two main fire scenario clusters were adopted which considered both measures to prevent fire from occurring and measures to control the fire growth and smoke spread. In Fire extinction scenario, a basic residential sprinkler was designed and investigated in more details to calculate the probability of failure on demand and reliability of the system at different time intervals. Furthermore, some additional measures were introduced to increase the building fire safety grading and to evaluate how they can affect the fatality and injury rate.