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<doi>246-cd</doi>
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<article-title>A Survey on the Use of Digital Twins for Maintenance and Safety in the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry</article-title>
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<author>Tom Ivar Pedersen<sup>a</sup>, H&#229;kon Gr&#248;tt St&#248;rdal<sup>b</sup>, H&#229;vard Holm Bj&#248;rnebekk<sup>c</sup> and J&#248;rn Vatn<sup>d</sup>  </author>

<aff>Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science &amp; Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. </aff>

<email><a href="mailto:tom.i.pedersen@ntnu.no"><sup>a</sup>tom.i.pedersen@ntnu.no</a></email>

<email><a href="mailto:haakogs@stud.ntnu.no"><sup>b</sup>haakogs@stud.ntnu.no</a></email>

<email><a href="mailto:haavarhb@stud.ntnu.no"><sup>c</sup>haavarhb@stud.ntnu.no</a></email>

<email><a href="mailto:jorn.vatn@ntnu.no "><sup>d</sup>jorn.vatn@ntnu.no </a></email>

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<title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>Companies in the oil and gas industry have, since the fall in oil price in 2014, been under pressures to cut costs and improve the effectiveness of their operations. Digitalization is generally considered as an important contributor to achieve this. One barrier to benefit from digitalization that is increasingly being recognized by the industry is data silos. Digital twin is a concept that has been proposed to alleviate this problem, but there is a lack of common understanding of what this concept entails and the potential benefits of this concept. To gain a better understanding of how digital twins are used for maintenance and safety in the offshore oil and gas industry, we have conducted a survey in the form of a web-based questionnaire among practitioners from this industry. 15 responses to the questionnaire was included in the final sample. Nine of these where from respondents that reported to have implemented digital twins in their own organization or in their products or services. Because of the low number of responses, the results cannot be used to draw conclusion on the current state of digital twins for maintenance and safety in the offshore oil and gas industry in general. But the results offer some insights that can be useful for further research.  </p><p><italic>Keywords: </italic>Industry 4.0, Digital Twin (DT), Questionnaire, Survey, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Offshore oil and gas, predictive maintenance, safety, Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), Digitalization. </p>
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