Preserving and quickly recovering the functionality of a transportation infrastructure system during and after disruptive events is a major challenge for the owners and operators. In order to identify and prioritize measures, which increase the system’s resilience, methods are required, which enable a systematic resilience assessment, and which are in accordance with the needs of the potential users. Based on the current state of research, an application-oriented method was developed, which enables the user to compare very different types of measures with regard to their effect on the system’s resilience. The developed method suggests three iterative steps. First, a resilience screening is conducted with the goal of examining the current state of resilience of the system. Second, measures are assessed with regard to their contribution to increasing the system’s resilience. Finally, the costs of the measures are estimated and set into relation to the effectiveness of the measure. The suggested method is further embedded into the context of a holistic resilience management concept describing the iterative procedure, which must be run through for an effective and efficient resilience management. To increase the usability of the method, practical instructions were provided based on a manual and a case study.