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<journal-id>International Journal of Aerospace and Lightweight Structures</journal-id>
<publication_date>2013</publication_date>
<volume>3</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
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<doi>10.3850/S2010428613000081</doi>
<article-title>Optimization of the Gas Flow in a Gem Chamber and Development of the Gem Foil Stretcher</article-title>
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<author>Noto Francesco<sup>1,a</sup>, Francesco Mammoliti<sup>1</sup>, Vincenzo Bellini<sup>1</sup>, Evaristo Cisbani<sup>2</sup>, Francesco Librizzi<sup>3</sup> and Concetta Maria Sutera<sup>3</sup></author>

<author-citation>Francesco, Noto; Mammoliti, Francesco; Bellini, Vincenzo; Cisbani, Evaristo; Librizzi, Francesco; Sutera, Concetta Maria</author-citation>

<aff><sup>1</sup>Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Universit&#224; di Catania, via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, Italy INFN - Sezione di Catania, via Santa Sofia 6, I-95123 Catania, Italy.</aff>

<email><a href="mailto:francesco.noto@ct.infn.it"><sup>a</sup>francesco.noto@ct.infn.it</a></email>


<aff><sup>2</sup>INFN - Sezione di Roma &#8211; Sanit&#224; group, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 I-00185 Roma, Italy Istituto Superiore di Sanit&#224;, viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Roma, Italy.</aff>

<aff><sup>3</sup>INFN - Sezione di Catania, via Santa Sofia 6, I-95123 Catania, Italy.</aff>

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<abstract>
<title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology has been proven to tolerate rate larger
than 50MHz/cm<sup>2</sup> without noticeable aging and to provide sub millimeter resolution on
working chambers up to 45 x 45 cm<sup>2</sup> [Alfonsi et al., 2010]. A new GEM-based tracker is
under development for the Hall A upgrade at Jefferson Lab. The chambers of the tracker
have been designed in a modular way: each chamber consists of 3 adjacent GEM modules,
with an active area of 40 x 50 cm<sup>2</sup> each [Alcorn <italic>et al.</italic>, 2004]. We optimized the gas
flow inside the GEM module volume, using the COMSOL physics simulator framework;
the COMSOL-based analysis includes the design of the inlet and outlet pipes and the
maximization of the uniformity of the gas flow.</p><p>We have defined the procedures for the assembling of the GEM modules and designed
a mechanical system (TENDIGEM) that will be used to stretch the GEM foils at the
proper tension (few kg/cm); the TENDIGEM is based on the original design developed
at LNF [Bencivenni, 2009].</p>

<p><italic>Keywords: </italic>GEM foil, TENDIGEM, Fluid dynamic, Simulation, SBS tracker.</p>
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