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<journal-id>International Journal of Aerospace and Lightweight Structures</journal-id>
<publication_date>2013</publication_date>
<volume>3</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
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<doi>10.3850/S2010428613000627</doi>
<article-title>Crashworthiness Behaviour on Aluminum Foam Bumper Beam and Side Member System Under Oblique Impact</article-title>
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<author>F. Djamaluddin<sup>a</sup>, S. Abdullah<sup>b</sup>, A. K. Arrifin and Z. M. Nopiah</author>

<author-citation>F., Djamaluddin; Abdullah, S.; Arrifin, A. K.; Nopiah, Z. M.</author-citation>

<aff>Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.</aff>

<email><a href="mailto:fauzanman 77@yahoo.com"><sup>a</sup>fauzanman 77@yahoo.com</a></email>

<email><a href="mailto:shahrum.ukm@gmail.com"><sup>b</sup>shahrum.ukm@gmail.com</a></email>


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<abstract>
<title>ABSTRACT</title>
<p>This paper presents the simulation of crush behavior for side members and bumper beam
under axial and angular impact loading. Recent issues of automotive industry are to
reduce weight and to improve occupant safety. Aluminum foam as a lightweight material
was selected due to its excellent energy absortion capacity. Various parameters have
been considered, such as angles of load, geometry and the material selection, aluminum
alloy (AA6063 and AA6060). Bumper beam connected two side members were impacted
load angles of 0&#176; to 30&#176; from longitudinal axis. The finite element analysis approach
using the ABAQUS software has determined the crashworthiness parameters, that were
specific energy absorption (SEA) and crush force efficiency (CFE). The outcome of this
study have formulated functions for calculating of crush parameters.</p>


<p><italic>Keywords: </italic>Aluminum foam, Bumper beam, Crashworthiness, Oblique impact, Side member.</p>
</abstract>
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